江黄颡鱼的仔稚鱼发育及行为生态学

Development and behavior ecology of larval and juvenile Pelteobagrus vachelli

摘要:

江黄颡鱼从出膜仔鱼至夏花历时26 d.仔、稚鱼发育分为仔鱼前阶段、仔鱼阶段、稚鱼前阶段和稚鱼阶段;每个阶段又分为3个时期,共12个时期.其中仔鱼前期分为附着期、平游期和开口期.在仔鱼附着时期要提供合适的附着物;仔鱼开口时期的饵料是小型枝角类.仔鱼阶段仍为混合营养阶段,除消耗卵黄外,其主要摄食枝角类.进入稚鱼阶段后,其食性先后经2次转食:第1次由浮游动物转为底栖动物;第2次转食由底栖动物转为以动物性饵料为主的杂食性,并开始摄食人工精饲料.根据江黄颡鱼仔、稚鱼的发育特性,提出了一整套提高江黄颡鱼出苗率和成活率的科学方法.

Abstract:

It took 26 days for Pelteobagrus vachelli to grow into juvenile ,after thawing. The larval and juvenile development of P.vachelli were divided into four stages （namely, prelarval, larval, early juvenile and juvenile stages）, and each stage was also divided into 3 periods （amount to 12 periods）. The prelarval period can be divided into adherence, horizontal swimming and initial bait phases. It was necessary to provide suitable adhesive things during the adherence stage. During initial bait phase, its food maily consisted of some small Cladoceras. The larval stage was still a mixtrophic one and it mostly ingested Cladocera besides yolk. After entering the juvenile stage, its feeding characters underwent transitions twice： firstly, its foods changed from zooplankton to zoobenthos; secondly, foods changed from zoobenthos to animal-oriented polyphagia and the juvenile started to ingest artificial intensive feed. According to characters of the larval and juvenile development of P. vacheUi, a series of scientific methods about the rates of hatching and surviving of P.vachelli were suggested in this article.