2010年绿潮藻营养成分分析及其食用安全性评价

Nutrition analysis and food safety evaluation of green tide algae in 2010

摘要:

几年来,中国南黄海海域连续暴发的绿潮灾害引起了广泛关注,为综合利用绿潮藻,实验采用国标规定方法,对2010年采自江苏和山东的绿藻类海藻的基本营养成分、叶绿素、氨基酸、矿质元素及其重金属含量进行了测定与分析。结果显示,碳水化合物占绿潮藻组成成分的35.82%～52.43%;粗蛋白含量随采集时间的不同变化较大,为31.04%～12.11%;粗脂肪含量很低,不足藻体的1%;叶绿素含量差异较大,随采集时间的延后其含量显著下降;氨基酸含量较高,其中必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的含量可达37.45%,呈味氨基酸天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸含量较高;矿质元素含量丰富,其中Ca、Fe、Zn等含量都较高,重金属元素Pb、Hg、Cd等含量均低于国家标准中的限量要求。固着绿藻的成分变化不明显。

关键词:绿潮藻; 固着绿藻; 营养成分分析; 安全性评价

Abstract:

Successive green tides that happened in South Yellow Sea in recent years have caused widespread concern.In order to provide the basis for making integrated use of green tide algae,and according to national standards,this study analyzed basic nutrients,chlorophyll,amino acids,mineral elements and heavy metals of green algae collected from Jiangsu and Shandong in 2010.The results indicated that:carbohydrates were the main nutritional components of these green tide algae,accounting for 35.82%-52.43%;the crude protein contents varied greatly,from 31.04% to 12.11%;the fat contents were low and all less than 1%;there was a significant difference in the contents of chlorophyll,the contents decreased significantly when the collection dates delayed;the amino acid contents were high and the percent age of essential amino acids was up to 37.45%,the flavor amino acids aspartic acid,glutamic acid,glycine and alanine were considerably high;these algae contained abundant mineral elements,the contents of Ca,Fe,Zn were distinctly high,but the heavy metals Pb,Hg and Cd were all lower than the limited requirements in national standards.The composition of attached samples did not change significantly.

Key words:green tide algae; attached green algae; nutrition analysis; safety evaluation