利用角质颚形态判别东海两种常见枪乌贼

Species identification of Loliginidae inhabiting the East China Sea based on beak

摘要:

为了尝试利用角质颚对东海2种常见枪乌贼类种类进行判别，本研究对2015年11月采集的69尾中国枪乌贼和100尾杜氏枪乌贼的角质颚，采用主成分分析法、逐步判别分析法、傅里叶法对2种枪乌贼进行种类判别。结果显示，在所有12个形态参数的比较中，中国枪乌贼和杜氏枪乌贼都存在极显著差异，杜氏枪乌贼角质颚在雌雄群体间存在显著差异。采用逐步判别分析法对2种枪乌贼进行分类，中国枪乌贼判别正确率为92.4%，杜氏枪乌贼为85.3%，总判别正确率为88.2%。根据主成分分析结果，以2种枪乌贼主成分特征值大于1的因子中，负载值最高的形态参数比例指标构建判别函数，中国枪乌贼的判别正确率为98.5%，杜氏枪乌贼为84.2%，总判别正确率为90.1%。分雌雄对2种枪乌贼进行分类判别，雄性的总判别正确率为83.3%，雌性为97.8%。利用傅里叶法进行判别分析，基于上颚的判别总正确率为83.3%，基于下颚的判别总正确率为95.0%。研究表明，角质颚外部形态可用于2个枪乌贼种类的判别。

关键词:中国枪乌贼;杜氏枪乌贼;角质颚;种类判别;东海

Abstract:

Based on 69 samples of Loligo chinensis and 100 samples of Uroteuthis duvauceli collected in Luchaogang in November of 2015, the paper studied the species identification between L. chinensis and U. duvauceli by principal component analysis, stepwise discriminate analysis and Fourier analysis. Results showed that there were highly significant differences in the 12 morphological parameters of beak between two species. There were also significant differences between male and female U. duvauceli. The total successful discrimination rate for L. chinensis and U. duvauceli by stepwise discriminate analysis was 88.2%. The total successful discrimination rate for L. chinensis and U. duvauceli based on the result of principal component analysis was 90.1%. The total successful discrimination rate for male L. chinensis and male U. duvauceli was 83.3%. The total successful discrimination rate for female L. chinensis and female U. duvauceli attained 97.8%. The total successful discrimination rate for L. chinensis and U. duvauceli based on the upper beak by Fourier analysis was 83.3%. The total successful discrimination rate for L. chinensis and U. duvauceli based on the lower beak by Fourier analysis reached 95%.

Key words:Loligo chinensis;Uroteuthis duvauceli;beak;species identification;the East China Sea