鲍低氧胁迫响应机制的研究进展

Research progress on mechanism of response to hypoxia stress in abalone

摘要:

鲍养殖业已成为我国海洋经济发展中的重要组成部分。近年来，因低氧胁迫，特别是高温低氧联合胁迫而导致的养殖鲍大规模死亡的现象时常发生，给鲍养殖业带来了严重的经济损失，已成为阻碍鲍养殖业健康可持续发展的重要环境因素。本文从鲍的生长、存活、生理生化指标 (包括心率、代谢、酶的活性、pH等)、免疫机能、胁迫响应基因及其表达调控等方面综述了鲍低氧胁迫响应机制的研究进展，以期为进一步研究鲍的低氧胁迫响应机制、开展鲍耐低氧新品种的选育等提供参考。此外，本文还提出了鲍低氧胁迫的预防调控措施，希望对养殖业者减少因夏季低氧胁迫诱发的养殖鲍大规模死亡而造成的损失有所帮助。

Abstract:

Aquaculture of abalone has become an important part of China's marine economic development. In recent years, mass mortality events of farmed abalone caused by hypoxia stress, that combined with hypoxia, had often occurred, which had brought serious economic losses to the abalone aquaculture industry and had become an important environmental factor hindering the healthy and sustainable development of the abalone aquaculture industry. In this paper, research progress on the mechanism of response to hypoxia in abalone is reviewed from the perspectives of growth, survival, physiological and biochemical indexes (including, heart rate, metabolism, enzyme activity, pH, etc.), immune function as well as stress response genes and their expression regulation, with a view to providing a reference for further research on abalone's mechanism of response to hypoxia stress and developing new varieties of abalone resistant to hypoxia. In addition, the prevention and control measures of abalone hypoxia stress are also proposed, hoping to help farmers reduce the losses caused by the large-scale death of cultured abalone-caused hypoxic stress in summer.