短蛸脑图谱的构建

Construction of the brain atlas of Amphioctopus fangsiao

摘要:

目的 为探究短蛸脑组织结构和神经元分布特征。方法 采用解剖学和组织学方法获得短蛸脑矢状面、冠状面和横断面的连续切片图像，构建脑结构图谱，并采用免疫组化技术，以神经元核抗原 (NeuN)为第一抗体标记短蛸脑成熟神经元细胞，分析脑组织结构和内部神经元分布特征。结果 短蛸中央脑环绕食道，可分为食道上神经团和食道下神经团，视叶位于两侧，通过视神经束与中央脑相连；根据各脑叶的结构和功能，将食道上神经团分为垂直叶复合体、基底叶复合体、口球叶复合体、视神经束复合体和其他区域，食道下神经团分为前部食道下神经团、中部食道下神经团和后部食道下神经团；NeuN抗体免疫反应阳性信号出现在中央脑区域，且多集中在食道下神经团脑叶核周层的大细胞，视叶无阳性信号；短蛸脑结构与分区呈现典型蛸类脑特征，各脑叶神经元细胞类型存在结构差异性。结论 本研究为完善短蛸基础神经生物学信息，深入开展脑功能分子网络机制等研究提供理论基础。

Abstract:

Cephalopods possess the most complex brain structures among invertebrates. Due to the distinct functions regulated by various brain lobes, studying the anatomical structure of the brain and the distribution of neurotransmitters can lay the foundation for further in-depth research in neurobiology. Anatomy and histology were used to obtain three consecutive slice images of the sagittal plane, coronal plane and transverse plane, and constructed the brain atlas of Amphioctopus fangsiao to investigate the brain structure and neuronal distribution characteristics for this speicies. Neuron nuclear antigen (NeuN) was used as the primary antibody to label the mature neurons by immunohistochemical technique, and the brain tissue structure and internal neuron distribution characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the central brain of A. fangsiao surrounded the esophagus, which could be divided into the supraesophageal mass and subesophageal mass, optic lobes were located on both sides and were connected to the central brain through the optic nerve tract. According to the structure and function of each lobe, supraesophageal mass was divided into vertical lobe complex, basal lobe complex, buccal lobe complex, optic tract complex and other regions. Subesophageal mass was consisted of anterior subesophageal mass, middle subesophageal mass and posterior subesophageal mass. NeuN immunoreactivity was observed in the central brain, and mainly concentrated in the large cells in the perinuclear layer of the subesophageal mass, and there was no NeuN immunoreactivity in the optic lobe. The brain structure and division of the A. fangsiao showed typical octopus brain characteristics, and there were structural differences in the neuronal cell types in the lobe of the brain.