山茱萸总苷对CT诱导的鲤抗氧化及免疫功能的影响

Effects of total glycosides of Cornus officinalis on antioxidant and immune function of Cyprinus carpio induced by CT

摘要:

目的 研究山茱萸总苷 (Cornus officinalis total glycosides，COTG)对四氯化碳 (CT)诱导的鲤抗氧化性能、免疫功能及血清生化指标的影响。方法 选取初始体重(22.15±1.15) g的鲤135尾，随机分为5组，其中实验组 (T1组、T2组、T3组)分别灌喂100、200和300 mg/kg的COTG，C组(对照)及CT组灌喂等体积生理盐水，连续灌喂7 d后CT组及实验组注射CT (5 mL/kg)，24 h后取样。检测肝胰脏和肾脏组织的形态学、血清生化指标、抗氧化和免疫酶活性及相关基因表达变化。结果 注射CT诱导了鲤肝胰脏和肾脏组织损伤，而灌喂COTG显著降低了血清谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)和谷草转氨酶 (AST)活性，并减轻了肝细胞的空泡化程度、细胞核损伤和肾小球肿胀。与CT组相比，T3组血清TG、TC及LDL-C含量均显著下调，改善了CT诱导的血脂紊乱。此外，T3组肝胰脏和肾脏的过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、T2组肝胰脏酸性磷酸酶 (ACP)及T3组肾脏碱性磷酸酶 (AKP)和ACP的活性均显著上调，但T2和T3组肝胰脏及肾脏的丙二醛 (MDA)含量显著降低。基因表达结果显示，COTG可提高鲤的肝胰脏和肾脏氧化酶相关基因 (cat、sod、gst、gpx)表达，抑制促炎因子il-β和nf-κb p65的表达。结论 灌喂200~300 mg/kg的COTG可通过增强抗氧化和免疫功能缓解CT诱导的鲤肝胰脏及肾脏组织损伤。

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of Cornus officinalis total glycosides on antioxidant properties, immune function, and serum biochemical indices in Cyprinus carpio induced by carbon tetrachloride (CT), 135 C. carpio with initial body weight of (22.15±1.15) g were randomly divided into five groups. The experimental groups (T1, T2 and T3) were fed diets supplemented with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg of C. officinalis total glycosides, respectively. The control (C) and CT groups were fed an equal volume of normal saline. After 7 days of continuous feeding, CT (5 mL/kg) was administered to the CT and the experimental groups, and samples were collected after 24 h. The morphology of hepatopancreas and kidney tissues, serum biochemical indices, antioxidant and immune related indices were assessed. Results indicated that the CT injection caused significant damage to hepatopancreas and kidney tissues. However, C. officinalis total glycosides significantly reduced the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P<0.05), and mitigated vacuolization of hepatopancreas cells, nuclear damage, and glomerular swelling. Compared to the CT group, serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased in the T3 group (P<0.05), indicating an improvement in CT-induced dyslipidemia. Furthermore, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the hepatopancreas and kidney and of the T3 group were significantly increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Acid phosphatase (ACP) activity in the hepatopancreas of the T2 group, and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and ACP activities in the kidney of the T3 group were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). Gene expression analysis revealed that C. officinalis total glycosides up-regulated the expression of antioxidase-related genes (cat, sod, gst, gpx) and down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory factors il-β and nf-κb p65 (P<0.05). Over all, these findings demonstrate that oral administration of 200-300 mg/kg C. officinalis total glycosides can alleviate CT-induced hepatopancreatic and renal tissue damage by enhancing tissue antioxidant and immune functions.