首页 > 过刊浏览>2025年第49卷第1期 >019416-019416. DOI:10.11964/jfc.20240514519
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深海微小杆菌的分离鉴定及其对长牡蛎的致病性
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S 944.4+1

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 (32222086，32173002)；国家贝类产业技术体系(CARS-49)；兴辽英才计划 (XLYC2203087)；大连市优秀青年科技人才项目 (2022RY01)


Isolation and identification of Exiguobacterium profundum and its pathogenicity analysis on Crassostrea gigas
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    摘要:

    目的 从患有脓包病的长牡蛎中分离并鉴定致病菌，系统分析其形态特征、生理生化特征及致病机制，为长牡蛎脓包病的防治提供科学依据。方法 从辽宁省大连市庄河某养殖区采集了患有脓包病的长牡蛎，利用16S rDNA测序及生物信息学技术鉴定出一株深海微小杆菌，并对其进行药敏实验和溶血实验，进一步结合人工感染实验、高通量测序和实时荧光定量PCR技术分析感染后长牡蛎鳃组织中炎症相关基因表达及细菌群落结构变化情况。结果 分离菌株在2216 E琼脂培养基中形成直径为1.0~1.5 mm的乳黄色菌落，形态均一稳定；对头孢哌酮、青霉素和阿莫西林等抗生素高度敏感；在28 °C条件下表现出显著的β溶血活性。人工感染实验显示，深海微小杆菌感染导致长牡蛎外套膜出现脓包，鳃表面出现白色斑点，同时伴有肿胀，感染后长牡蛎鳃组织中Cgtlr3、Cgap-1、Cgcaspase-3、Cgil-17-5和Cgil-17-6基因的mRNA表达水平显著升高。高通量测序分析显示，感染后长牡蛎鳃组织中变形菌门和弯曲杆菌门的相对丰度增加，弧菌科的相对丰度升高。结论 深海微小杆菌促进鳃组织炎症相关基因的表达，同时提高了鳃组织中弧菌的丰度导致长牡蛎发病，是诱发长牡蛎脓包病的潜在病原之一。研究结果为贝类病害的预防和控制提供了一定的数据支撑。

    Abstract:

    In the present study, a potential pathogenic bacterium was isolated and identified from Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) with abscess disease collected from a culture area in Zhuanghe, Dalian, Liaoning. Exiguobacterium profundum was identified in the lesions of the diseased C. gigas using 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility and hemolysis experiments were conducted. The expression of inflammation-related genes and changes in bacterial community structure in the gill tissues following E. profundum infection were further analyzed using artificial infection experiments, high-throughput sequencing technology, and quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that the strain formed creamy-yellow colonies with a diameter of 1.0-1.5 mm on marine agar 2216 E, exhibiting uniform and stable morphology. E. profundum demonstrated high sensitivity to cefoperazone, penicillin, and amoxicillin. It exhibited significant β-hemolytic activity at 28 °C. Artificial infection experiments revealed the presence of abscesses on the mantle and white spots and swelling on the gills, with significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of Cgtlr3, Cgap-1, Cgcaspase-3, Cgil-17-5 and Cgil-17-6 in the gills post-infection. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed an increase in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Campylobacterota, as well as an induction in the relative abundance of Vibrionaceae in the gill tissues following E. profundum infection. These findings suggest that E. profundum may contribute to the pathogenesis of C. gigas by promoting the mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes and inducing the abundance of Vibrio spp. in the gill tissue. This study identifies E. profundum as a potential pathogen of C. gigas with abscess disease, providing valuable data support for the prevention and control of shellfish diseases.

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姜军,孙洁洁,杨文文,高磊,冷金源,王玲玲,宋林生.深海微小杆菌的分离鉴定及其对长牡蛎的致病性[J].水产学报,2025,49(1):019416

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-15
  • 最后修改日期:2024-07-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-01-21
  • 出版日期: 2025-01-01
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